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KMID : 0604520190450040399
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Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
2019 Volume.45 No. 4 p.399 ~ p.408
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Investigation on the Safety of Hydroquinone and Preservatives among Whitening Functional Cosmetics Containing Albutin in Korea
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Cho Joong-Hee
Kim Ji-Hyeung
Eum Sun-Ah
Kang Min-Jeong
Han Young-Sun
Hur Myung-Je
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Abstract
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Arbutin, which is used as a whitening ingredient, can produce hydroquinone, known as causing skin disease and carcinogen. Preservatives are essential to prevent microbial contamination during long-term storage and use of cosmetics, but safety issues such as toxicity and skin irritation are being raised. This study was conducted to determine hydroquinone and 21 preservatives levels in 40 arbutin-containing whitening functional cosmetics sold on-line and off-line.
Result showed that 9 products contained hydroquinone. The concentrations in 7 products were ranged from 0.3 to 0.9 ppm, which were within the maximum allowed amount established by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. However, 2 products were 8.4 and 50.5 ppm and exceeded the allowed amount. Preservatives were detected 20 products. Detected items and ranges were phenoxy ethanol 0.1 ∼ 0.7% (N = 15), Methyl paraben 0.19 ∼ 0.21% (N = 2), Chlorphenesin 0.13% (N = 1), chlorhexidine 0.006% (N = 1), Propyl paraben 0.06% (N = 1), which were within maximum allowed amount established by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. Also, in cases of functional cosmetics the phrase "functional cosmetics" should be expressed on the primary or secondary package of cosmetics by cosmetics act. However, 1 product did not state the phrase as functional cosmetics. This study suggest that preservatives were safely managed. However, hydroquinone in hydroquinone-detected products could be produced by the decomposition of arbutin. Thus, further studies on the decomposition of arbutin are required to improve the quality control of the cosmetics.
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KEYWORD
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cosmetic, hydroquinone, preservatives, skin whitening, HPLC
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